MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1328. Corresponding author: Christopher A. Taylor, iyq3@cdc.gov. Am. Google Scholar. Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations, through building vaccine confidence, raising awareness of the benefits of vaccination, and removing barriers to vaccination access among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates from COVID-19, including Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. In supplemental analyses by trimester of vaccination, receipt of the second dose during the second and third trimesters reduced the risk of infants testing SARS-CoV-2 positive during the Delta dominant period by 91% (95% CI: 63, 98) and 85% (95% CI: 50, 96), respectively, during the first 2 months of life, by 59% (95% CI: 21, 79) and 67% (95% CI: 37, 83) during the first 4 months of life and by 64% (95% CI:31, 81) and 53% (95% CI: 24, 71) during the first 6 months of life. This conversion might result in character translation or format errors in the HTML version. With the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in late 2021, Canadian public health case/contact testing was scaled back due to high infection rates with milder symptoms in a highly vaccinated population. During the first 6 months of life, 940 (3.10%) infants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and 10 (0.03%) infants were hospitalized with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Includes current treatment or recent diagnosis within the previous 12 months of an immunosuppressive condition or use of an immunosuppressive therapy. The objective of this study was to further evaluate the effectiveness of at least two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants during the first 2, 4, and 6 months of life during the Delta and Omicron variant periods. Omicron is super infectious, and about 20% of people in the United States over the age of 5 as well as all children under 5 remain unvaccinated. ICU admission status was missing in 1.3% (weighted) of hospitalizations; these hospitalizations are included in other analyses. 26 Among those fully vaccinated individuals 5 years of age who are booster eligible, only 49% have received a . Omicron up to 70% less likely to need hospital care - BBC News The state has administered 3.2 million vaccine doses since Dec. 1 alone, but lagging rates between full vaccination and first doses for adults especially (82.6% vs. 95%) are becoming a point of . Vaccinated patients were older (68 vs. 57 years), and 62% had at least one comorbidity Admission to the ICU was 20%, and the mortality rate at 30 days was 14%. Shimabukuro, T. T. et al. N. Engl. Among nonpregnant and pregnant adults aged 18 years, hospitalization rates were calculated overall, and by race/ethnicity and COVID-19 vaccination status. Thus, this design better adjusts for healthcare-seeking behavior31,32, but it may also introduce other biases including selection bias33. COVID-19 hospitalizations look different in the Omicron wave, and Sarah J. Polack, F. P. et al. A previous study conducted before the Omicron-predominant period that showed increased risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization among certain racial and ethnic groups, including Black adults, and suggested the increased hospitalization rates were likely multifactorial and could include increased prevalence of underlying medical conditions, increased community-level exposure to and incidence of COVID-19, and poor access to health care in these groups (7). Mortal. Hospitalisation associated with SARS-CoV-2 delta variant in Denmark. During the Delta period, we found that protection extended through the infants first 6 months of life. All other authors declare no competing interests. We examined the effectiveness of maternal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection in 30,311 infants born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California from December 15, 2020, to May 31, 2022. COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: coverage and safety. Google Scholar. Our study was strengthened both by its large sample size and our ability to follow infants through 6 months of age. And in a second large study during the Omicron period, older people, men, and residents of nursing homes or in low-income areas were most at risk for post-booster COVID-19 death in England, but the risk was very low. After the emergence of the Omicron variant, the rate of COVID-19 hospitalizations in the United States was 10.5 times higher in unvaccinated adults and 2.5 times higher in those who were vaccinated but received no booster than in booster recipients, according to a new study. We monitored the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (anti-N) and spike protein (anti-S) antibodies in blood donors across Canada from September 2021 to June 2022 in 202,123 . Using previously described methods (3), investigators collected clinical data on a representative sample of adult patients (7.9%) hospitalized during July 1, 2021January 31, 2022, stratified by age and COVID-NET site. NHS Test and Trace statistics (England): methodology. Pfizer and BioNTech Submit for U.S. Emergency Use Authorization of https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/AAP%20and%20CHA%20-%20Children%20and%20COVID-19%20State%20Data%20Report%209.29.22%20FINAL.pdf?_ga=2.255000394.335550773.1665001859-370326403.1636740765 (2022). Second, vaccination status is subject to misclassification; this might affect estimation of rates by vaccination status. All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Omicron data in UK is 'enormously worrying,' immunologist says "In the last two weeks, no fewer than 80% of admissions were below the age of 50 years. * Data are from a weighted sample of hospitalized nonpregnant adults with completed medical record abstractions and a discharge disposition. Shook, L. L. et al. Kids' low COVID-19 vaccination rates called a 'gut punch' CDC is not responsible for the content Children currently account for about 18.5% of reported COVID-19 cases in the United States1. During the proxy omicron period, we found a vaccine effectiveness of 70% (95% confidence interval . Health and Human Services. SARS-CoV-2 variant data update, England: Version 21. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. GD declares that his employer UK Health Security Agency (previously operating as Public Health England) received funding from GlaxoSmithKline for a research project related to influenza antiviral treatment. B., Lewis. endorsement of these organizations or their programs by CDC or the U.S. 1). Only 16% of children between the ages of 5 and 11 are fully vaccinated, and that number climbs to just over 50% of adolescents between ages 12 and 17, according to CDC data . Buchan, S. A. et al. Data requests may be sent to Kaiser Permanente Division of Research: DOR.IRB.Submissions@kp.org. Association of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy with incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants. South Africa omicron crisis: Cases, hospitalizations and - CNBC Trends in disease severity and health care utilization during the early Omicron variant period compared with previous SARS-CoV-2 high transmission periodsUnited States, December 2020January 2022. Among children 12 to 17, the . KPNC members are similar to the broad catchment population in Northern California in terms of sociodemographic characteristics34. Sect. Spontaneous abortion following COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy. Our findings that receipt of at least two doses of COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy was effective at protecting infants during the Delta period are similar to those reported in a recent Norwegian study showing that mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was associated with a 71% decreased risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 in infants during their first 4 months of life during the Delta period17. The TND is designed to better control for bias related to health care-seeking behavior31,32. Pre-Omicron versions of Covid, in. These trends could result in epidemic phase bias if infection severity is correlated with time from infection to test. Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, CA, USA, Ousseny Zerbo,G. Thomas Ray,Bruce Fireman,Evan Layefsky,Kristin Goddard,Edwin Lewis,Pat Ross&Nicola P. Klein, Yale University, Institute for Global Health, New Haven, CT, USA, Department of Internal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA, Regional Perinatal Service Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Santa Clara, CA, USA, You can also search for this author in The average death rate among Americans over age 65 who contract the flu has ranged between 1 in 75 and 1 in 160 in recent years, according to the C.D.C. For children whose mothers received one dose before pregnancy and two doses during pregnancy, VE against infection was 89% during the first 2 months of life, 73% during the first 4 months of life, and 48% up to 6 months of life. In this analysis, vaccine effectiveness was evaluated as 1 minus the odds ratio. Evan J. Anderson reports grants from Pfizer, Merck, PaxVax, Micron, Sanofi-Pasteur, Janssen, MedImmune, and GlaxoSmithKline; personal fees from Pfizer, Medscape, Kentucky Bioprocessing, Inc., Sanofi-Pasteur, and Janssen, outside the submitted work; and institutional funding from the National Institutes of Health to conduct clinical trials of Moderna and Janssen COVID-19 vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination rates in pregnant women in Scotland, Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy, Effectiveness of a third BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: a national observational study in Israel, Covid-19 vaccination programme effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 related infections, hospital admissions and deaths in the Apulia region of Italy: a one-year retrospective cohort study, Post-vaccination outcomes in association with four COVID-19 vaccines in the Kingdom of Bahrain, Effectiveness and protection duration of Covid-19 vaccines and previous infection against any SARS-CoV-2 infection in young adults, The indirect effect of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination on healthcare workers unvaccinated household members, SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy, Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants in Qatar, https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/AAP%20and%20CHA%20-%20Children%20and%20COVID-19%20State%20Data%20Report%209.29.22%20FINAL.pdf?_ga=2.255000394.335550773.1665001859-370326403.1636740765, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.09.059, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. As infants aged, protection provided by maternal vaccination decreased during both periods. Laurie M. Billing and Kenzie Teno report grants from the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists during the conduct of the study. The study provides evidence that a previous omicron infection in triple-vaccinated individuals provides high amounts of protection against BA.5 and BA.2 infections. All HTML versions of MMWR articles are generated from final proofs through an automated process. If ethnicity was unknown, non-Hispanic ethnicity was assumed. COVID Data Tracker Weekly Review | CDC Morb. All adults should stay up to date (1) with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. During Omicron predominance, children aged <6 months accounted for 44% of hospitalizations among children ages 04 years3. In King County, Wash., which includes Seattle, unvaccinated people were 13 times more likely to be hospitalized for coronavirus since December than people who were fully vaccinated. According to the CDC, hospitalization rates among the unvaccinated were 16 times higher in December overall. Adults who received booster doses were classified as those who completed the primary series and received an additional or booster dose on or after August 13, 2021, at any time after completion of the primary series, and 14 days before a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, as COVID-19associated hospitalizations are a lagging indicator and time passed after receipt of a booster dose has been shown to be associated with reduced rates of COVID-19 infection (https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2114255). Relative to the Delta-predominant period, a larger proportion of hospitalized Black adults were unvaccinated. Viruses | Free Full-Text | SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Canadian TN, NMF, SFlax, MC, DDA, AMP, and ST conceptualised the work. 4% of cases) without NHS numbers were excluded from our primary analysis. J. Med. Study finds Omicron hospital risk 10 times higher in unvaccinated COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated both high efficacy in clinical trials and high real-world effectiveness, especially against the original and Delta variant of the virus6,7,8,9,10. Individual and neighborhood factors associated with failure to vaccinate against influenza during pregnancy. However, infants aged <6 months are not currently eligible for any currently available COVID-19 vaccines and must rely on placentally acquired immunity from their mothers. supervised chart reviews. Vaccine 31, 21652168 (2013). A WHO spokesman says China informed the WHO about the case, which involves a 53-year-old woman, on Feb 24. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Iowa did not provide immunization data but is included in the overall population-based hospitalization rates. Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations, though building vaccine confidence, raising awareness of the benefits of vaccination, and removing barriers to vaccination access among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates from COVID-19, including Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. No other potential conflicts of interest were disclosed. The company also said full results of its 2,250-person study confirmed the pill's promising early results against the virus: The drug reduced combined hospitalizations and deaths by about 89. We calculated vaccine effectiveness (VE) as 100% multiplied by 1HR. It is possible that this practice may have led to some misclassification of the outcome, and we were unable to assess whether this misclassification was differential between vaccinated and unvaccinated mothers. J. All analyses were conducted using SAS software, v9.4. https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2021.08.27.21262356v1. Hospitalizations rates increased among all adults irrespective of vaccination status (unvaccinated, primary series only, or primary series plus a booster or additional dose).