bloody sunday texas syndicate

Their gang activity in this case was approved because of racial kinship. Activists who gathered virtually and in person to commemorate a pivotal day in the civil rights struggle that became known as Bloody Sunday called on people to continue the fight for voting rights as they also honored giants of the civil rights movement, including the late U.S. Rep. John Lewis, who died last year. The Texas Syndicate, a prison gang that operates in and outside of penitentiaries, is considered by state law-enforcement officials to be among the most dangerous criminal organizations in. Bloody Sunday happened twice. On March 7, 1965, police, state troopers, and a citizen " posse " violently attacked civil rights marchers attempting to cross the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, United States. He married Veronica on Saturday June 22, 1985. F or many on both sides of the Irish Sea, the killing of 14 unarmed civil rights demonstrators by members of the British army's Parachute Regiment on Bloody Sunday in 1972 remains the defining . Lulzim Krasniqi :(1863-2006) Former leader of the Albania Mafia based in Zagreb, Croatia. Asian street gangs. He also met his future wife Veronica in the tenements across the street from Texas A&I University which became Texas A&M UniversityKingsville, where Sandoval attended college for three years (Draper, 1991). Other factors that were possible motivators were being part of an economically disadvantaged social group, the reality of low wage work as a prison guard, or merely feeling trapped because of the fear of reprisal by prison gang members. 8,126 Hispanic members operate across Texas, including specific reportings in the Coffield Unit, about 60 miles southwest of Tyler, and at the Allred prison unit outside of Wichita Falls. The method was also wed with ideas of race because prison gangs are primarily built within racial structures. People here dont want to believe a guard would do something like that (McKay, 1991). He further wrote, I am not the only one who worked there that knows that TDCJ is linked to the gangs and their illegal activities. On February 2007, high ranking Texas Syndicate member Ernesto Medrano is sentenced to life in prison for using U.S. military flights to transport hundreds of kilos of cocaine from Columbia to Fort, Bliss Texas. Winner of the Sundance Film Festival's Audience Award, writer-director Paul Greengrass' "magnetic and impassioned" drama is a "staggering re-creation" of the events of Sunday, January 30th, 1972 when British troops clashed with unarmed protestors in Derry, Northern Ireland. This Albanian link seems to confirm that the Sacra Corona Unita and the Albanian Mafia are "partners" in Puglia/Italy and delegate several criminal activities". This influenced who the prison gang incorporated into their monetary endeavors. Nicholas "Nick Morello" Terranova took over the 116th Street Mob , and became in boiled in the Mafia-Camorra War. During Sandovals trial, witnesses told a Walker County jury that doors in the Ellis I prison units south end were routinely left unlocked by guards in 1986. The details of exactly who he saw murdered were not clear but according to homicide records, the victim was probably Cesario Gonzales who was killed on August 31, 1985. Texas Syndicate (TS) is a violent prison gang that originated in the California penal system over 40 years ago. The day would be labeled Bloody Sunday. In the movie " In With Thieves " A blood diamond deal goes wrong which throws Albanian Mafioso into chaos in the criminal underworld. Reporters tried to investigate the roots of Albanian organized crime but have complained that it is too hard to penetrate the structure and organization of the Albanian mafia, but set out that the Albanian mafia acts on the model of the Italian one, whose crime is part of the "activities of entire families" and which has a clearly defined hierarchy. [1] Speaking anonymously for Philadelphia's City Paper a member of the " Kielbasa Posse ", an ethnic Polish mob group, declared in 2002 that Poles are willing to do business with "just about anybody. In the 1980s, one employment pursuit was prisoner guard positions in Texas, positions which were not glowingly sought after. He was digging himself deeper into their clutches and soon found himself processing a money order of two hundred and fifty dollars and was paid a percentage of that. Ismail Lika : Ismail Lika was an Albanian mobster active in New York City in the 1980s. Plaurent "Lenti" Dervisha : On the Interpol's and FBI's most wanted list as being the leading member of a criminal organization based out of Durrs , Albania , who Albanian authorities say is the brother-in-law of Lul Berisha ;a reputed leader of one of the 15 mafia families. App. Securing employment, it seemed, was more important at that moment then securing a college degree. Associations principally began because of his shared ethnic background with many of the inmates, where their ethnic kinship was highlighted and then thusly exploited by the inmates. [2] The Syndicate is the oldest Texan prison gang. One of Italy's top prosecutors, Cataldo Motta , who has identified Albania's most dangerous mobsters, says they are a threat to Western society. His neck had been slashed; his head was all but severed. The Texas Syndicate was established at Folsom State Prison in California in 1978 in direct response to the other California prison gangs, notably the Aryan Brotherhood and Mexican Mafia, which were attempting to prey on native Texas inmates. Caught with at least $125 million in heroin, Lika issued a $400,000 contract on the prosecutor Alan Cohen and the detective Jack Delemore, both placed under protective custody. "On the 27th of July 1999 police in Durres (Albania), with Italian assistance arrested one of the godfathers of the "Sacra Corona Unita", Puglias Italian Mafia. Ultimately, as the histories of prison continue to expand, the inclusion of Mexican Americans as an integral population to its history is necessary; we grow to contest the views of Mexican Americans as a criminalized population, discern an increased incarcerated population, and also recognize them becoming institutional operatives of the prison system itself. In 1993, the Barrio Azteca brutally beat and murder a Texas Syndicate member in the El Paso county jail causing the Texas Syndicate to alliance it's self with the Mexikanemi. Unfolding in real time we're able to see exactly how the . Sandovals lawyer Steve Fischer argued for their removal from the murder trial. Structure The typical structure of the Albanian Mafia is hierarchical. The victim, who was also a TS member was wrestled down and intentionally overdosed with a shot of heroin. Here is also where the earliest prison gangs were formed. Charles Brown, a TDCJ spokesman said, an 8-inch long flat piece of metal and a boning knife were recovered at the scene, likely the murder weapons (Graczyk, 1985). If the guard or staff member refused or rejected the task, the inmate(s) then informed them that they would notify prison administrators of previous favors (Bedard, 2013). The wardens, staff, guards, and building tenders were predominately White. In 1991, for example, a prison guard who worked at the Ellis I unit where Sandoval had once worked was indicted with drug muling. In fact, from roughly 1986 to 1991, the special prison prosecution unit charged at least sixty Texas prison guards with felony offenses (Draper, 1991). Vincent continued operating from Brooklyn and Ciro continued expanding his operations in East Harlem and The Bronx. In fact, the building tender system had purposely ignored Mexican Americans as potential candidates based on racial ideas. They have strong motivations and are very violent." Paul Vanden Boeynants was released (physically unharmed) a month later, on 13 February, when an undisclosed ransom was paid to the perpetrators. Albanian Mafia families or clans are usually made up of groups of fewer than 100 members, constituting an extended family residing all along the Balkan route from Eastern Turkey, to Western Europe, and North America. Over thirty people lost their lives in a notorious welter of political violence, that made headlines across Ireland and across the world. The prosecution of Sandoval occurred through a new development in the Texas prison system. Familiarity was both good and bad. Fourteen died and 13 . (Associated Press), On Jan 29, 2009, high ranking Texas Syndicate member Ricardo Ortiz is executed by the state of Texas for his role in a 1997 murder. His experiences, however, exposed other problems for Mexican Americans. The panel consisted of acting/front boss Thomas "Tommy Ryan" Eboli, underboss Gerardo "Gerry" Catena and consigliere Michele "Big Mike" Miranda while others served in the advisory capacity, Mike Coppola was considered an influential capo and was used to help the panel. Letters may have contained coded messages concerning drug trafficking or other illicit activity. Inside the walls of each prison is drugs, prostitution, gambling, extortion, and grand theft, but no investigation into any of these things has ever been made (Draper, 1991). Just a day later, at the Ramsey II Unit on September 9, 1985 a disturbance occurred which consisted of two inmates in the process of a fight. Sunday, 9 November 1952 should be remembered as a day of infamy in South Africa's history, but few know of a brutal massacre when police opened fire on people at an ANC Youth League event in . The Texas Syndicate, more than La Eme or Nuestra Familia, has been more associated or allied with Mexican immigrant prisoners, such as the "Border Brothers", while La Eme and the NF tend to be more composed of US-born/raised Hispanics. They have been reported in the Federal Correctional Institute at Oakdale, Louisiana, and in San Quentin, California, with frequency. These homicides were in part, primarily caused by the war between the Texas Syndicate and the newly formed Texas Mexican Mafia who sought to gain the reins of power as the building tender system was being demolished. Here, it could be heard that they are even more dangerous than Cosa Nostra . The only known members are Dardan Petrela, Kalem Vulaj, and Bledar Morina. (Houston Chronicle). It was established in the 1960's at Folsom Prison in California in direct response to the other California prison gangs (notably the Aryan Brotherhood and Mexican Mafia), which were attempting to prey on native Texas inmates. November 13, 1987. Even while considering the institutions perception of the strength of prison gangs, they still largely lacked broad exploration in historical scholarship. He had an arranged agreement with them where profits from drug trafficking into the prison were split between himself and the Texas Syndicate. These members expressed their concern, similar to those leveraged by Sandoval in his 24-page letter, that the state used Sandoval as a Mexican American scapegoat for the corruption and problems occurring in the prison system as they became visible to the public during a tumultuous period following Texas prison reform. He did not complete his college education although he went farther than many Mexican Americans from this region. In October 2004, the FBI arrested 22 men who worked for it. But, soon after the murder of Joe Arredondo, Sandoval was charged with the crime and inmates who were allegedly present provided corroborating details. (Gang Intelligence 101), In 2001, Texas Syndicate members murder ex member Hector Camacho in the Rio Grande Valley for his efforts in starting an offshoot TS chapter called Tejano Syndicato Originales (Sierra v. State, No. At the Edmund Pettus Bridge,. Hernandez, who was serving a life sentence plus eight years for Travis County convictions of attempted capital murder and illegal possession of a firearm, was the second-in-command of the Texas Syndicate prison gang. They undermined, and ultimately controlled many prison guards making them do their biddings, even outside the confines of the prisons as extensions of their economic enterprises. Kapllan Murat : Belgium's most notorious mobster. Jose Daniel Flores, aka "Cuate," 43, was sentenced to 360 months in prison after pleading guilty in March to intent to distribute heroin. Luis Sandovals interactions and troubled story highlight the importance of race within the Texas prison system between Mexican American inmates and Mexican American guards, but also largely under a white prison administration. Moreover, the Albanian mafia families are organized in 3-4 or more levels, which enable them to preserve the organizational action capability even in case some of its members or groups are captured. (Associated Press). Sandovals case was unique as the only guard to be charged with a homicide at this point, but other guards were charged with other crimes. Dr. Liz Theoharis of the Poor People's Campaign. In 1993, the Barrio Azteca brutally beat and murder a Texas Syndicate member in the El Paso county jail causing the Texas Syndicate to alliance it's self with the Mexikanemi. Furthermore, since the rapid growth of prison gangs in the late 1970s and early 1980s, prison gangs in Texas were responsible for several dozen homicides, hundreds of assaults on other inmates and staff, and have had a stranglehold on power in Texas prisons since then. (Associated Press), In 1993, the Barrio Azteca brutally beat and murder a Texas Syndicate member in the El Paso county jail causing the Texas Syndicate to alliance its self with the Mexikanemi. Thirteen. The process of downing the duck is described as an inmate or a group of inmates manipulating a guard or staff member into undertaking very small tasks perceived to be innocuous. Palma Boys crew. Steve Fischer [Sandovals attorney], however, contends that Sandoval had not unlocked the door and that officials there knew that guards frequently left the door unlocked (Fair, 1991). This occurred amidst the war between the two prominent Mexican American prison gangs that forced the state to act. Buentello, S. Texas Syndicate: A Review of Its Inception, Growth in Violence and Continued Threat to the TDC. The Museum | Museum of Free Derry - The Museum of Free Derry is the . Perez was found stabbed approximately fifteen times in his upper torso and back (Graczyk, 1985). Bloody Sunday Massacre in Russia . On Wednesday, May 29, the jurors milled around outside the courtroom and vented their disgust with the states case to the media (Draper, 1991). This is a listing of enterprises, gangs, mafias, and syndicates that are involved in organized crime. Unbeknownst to Sandoval, he was entering as a prison guard during a transitional period from 1979-1986 for the TDC dubbed a Broken System, as many court cases had upended the autonomous power of the prison administration during this period. The first generation Albanians have a tendency to be more violent than American-born syndicates, claims Hall. 14764 03/20/1991 278TH Judicial District Court, Scholarships and Resources for Hispanic and Latino Students. Bloody Sunday is a dramatization of the Irish civil rights protest march and subsequent massacre by British troops on January 30, 1972. In " We Own the Night "; A final drug transaction is made with the Albanian Mafia. The commonly known and widespread narrative goes as follows: At dawn on 9 January, a crowd of workers that were . If an officer fails to cooperate, a gang has non-violent ways of retaliating []. It was also the most violent period for Texas prisons, which proved to be a difficult adjustment not just for the state but for Sandoval as well. Roberto Saviano, The Italian writer, a good expert of Neapolitan Camorra and the Italian mafia in general, spoke of the Albanian mafia as a no longer foreign mafia to Italy and stressed that the Albanians and Italians have a "brotherly" relationship between each other. (Gang Intelligence 101), On Dec. 21, 2006, Texas Syndicate members are arrested for the contract killing of Julio A. Serrano. State identity also occurred as a form of othering by the California prison gangs which did not extend membership to non-Californios. Vice squad officers estimate that "Albanians now control more than 75 per cent of the countrys brothels and their operations in Londons Soho alone are worth more than 15 million a year." Amidst Sandovals alleged deeper involvement with this gang activity, he faced a larger problem. The Azteca's murder their TS victim by slamming his head through jail bars. Albanian mobsters Rexho and Luan feature in the Danish crime film Pusher III . The Sandoval and Arredondo incident illustrated the complexity that went into relations between Mexican American guards and inmates. 402K subscribers 2 No views 1 minute ago ESPN's Matt Barrie is back for Week 6's Sunday Bloody Sunday to talk through the interim coaches prowess, Alabama's win over Texas A&M, Tennessee. Historically, prison gangs had been built along strict racial guidelines regarding membership, but also for those who participated in gang activity. Top Gear , a British car show, featured an episode (comedy) in which they tested three luxury automakers; Rolls-Royce Ghost , Mercedes-Benz S-Class , and Bentley Mulsanne , to see which would be best suitable for Albanian Mafia bosses. The Aztecas murder their TS victim by slamming his head through jail bars. PHOTO: Crowd of petitioners, led by Father Gapon, near Narva Gate, St. Petersburg. Two Texas Syndicate gang members were sentenced today to a combined 50 years in prison for drug trafficking in Lubbock, announced U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Texas Erin Nealy Cox. As a street gang, heavy activity has been reported in Austin, Texas, Corpus Christi, Texas, the Rio Grande Valley and the Dallas Fort Worth area. (Associated Press), In June 2008, Texas Syndicate member Emanuel Camacho Gomez fatally guns down 27-year-old Rose Anne Martinez in San Antonio, Texas. On the other side of the argument, prosecutors contend that Sandoval left open a hallway and allowed the Texas Syndicate to carry out the planned murder of Joe Arredondo (McKay, 1991). Texas Syndicate moved into Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ). He was part of the new guard that was rapidly hired which attempted to respond to overcrowding and the resignation of the old guard. We haven't found a single catalogue or brochure for travelling at the agency, computers were not operating, nor has the printer been ever used. Tejanos were being preyed upon by California prison gangs in some of the most notorious California prisons including San Quentin and Folsom. Some 3,700 people died over the course of the four-decade conflict. It however, only played a brief part of the court proceedings of Sandovals murder trial. The pressure to commit murder for prison gangs was necessary for them to gain and continue membership. 116th Street Crew The 116th Street crew, also known as the Uptown crew, is a powerful crew within the Genovese crime family. Un-published manuscript, Texas Department of Corrections, 1986. At about 7:30 pm in the evening at the Darrington Unit day room in Rosharon, TX three Texas Mexican Mafia members Lloyd Vasquez, Jose Arturo Garcia, and Albert Carrillo were all fatally stabbed by Texas Syndicate members Lee R. Castro and Rogelio Cantu who were detained afterwards. The expiration of membership or getting out only occurred upon the members death. Just a few weeks before the Cesario Gonzales homicide that Luis Sandoval witnessed, Arturo Astro Aguilar, a Texas Mexican Mafia member was murdered on August 22, 1985 in the Eastham Unit by the Texas Syndicate. The Texas Syndicate's activities include drug trafficking, extortion, prostitution, protection, gambling, and contract murder. Since the removal of the building tender system many of the old guard force resigned and left many green guards to come in and figure out the new and changing Texas prison system. But Sandoval, Mexican American prison gangs, and the larger story of the Mexican American experience within the context of prisons illustrate themes of criminalization, hegemony, and self-determination, topics wholeheartedly important to Mexican American history. A week later, a well-known event called Bloody Sunday occurred on September 8, 1985. MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. Ortiz was the cellmate of John A. Hernandez, a high-ranking member of the Texas Syndicate. In Games The videogame Grand Theft Auto IV features the "Petrela gang" a small crew of Albanian shylocks and goods smugglers. Three days later, the criminals published a note in the leading Brussels newspaper Le Soir , demanding 30 million Belgian francs in ransom. It simultaneously illustrated that race was crucial to membership, belonging, and trust, but it was also used as a predatory and manipulative tool to further advance their objectives of revenue creation. (Gang Intelligence 101), In 1995, the Texas Syndicate declares war on a Mexican gang known as Mexicles. Under Sandovals watch on December 17, 1986 Joe Arredondo, a Texas Syndicate member was found murdered. Their exit does not exist and the prison gang has now also gained a member that will remain in their proximity for the duration of their sentence, equivalent to their life. (El Paso Times) Danielle S. Willkens "Once we identify a name and the story behind them, we can track. His brief story represented the limited social and economic opportunities that impacted many Tejanos; the continuance of a larger, repeated, and unceasing story in Texas. By John Dorney. App., 2002), On June of 1997 Texas Syndicate and Barrio Azteca settle a truce and sign a peace agreement called the Manifesto. Lastly, he had finally gotten to the point where they tasked him with muling drugs into the prison and participating in package drop-offs that likely contained illegal drugs to be brought into the prison units. Prominent Albanian Mafioso Alex Rudaj : The boss of the Albanian Mafia's Rudaj Organization based in the New York City area. These allegations of internal issues of the TDCJ leveraged by Sandoval may not have been directly addressed, however, a new development became the designated base where prison officials addressed criminal concerns inside the walls of Texas prisons. The murder came as a result of the Gulf Cartel hiring the Texas Syndicate to kidnap Serrano from his home in Texas and take him to cartel members in Mexico. Italy Albanian emigrants started arriving at Italian ports in 1991. The Azteca's murder their TS victim by slamming his head through jail bars. Dubbed the king of the New York drug underworld, Ismail Lika issued a contract on Rudy Giuliani 's prosecutors in 1985. In Liberty City the Albanian mob holds a stronghold in the Little Bay section of Bohan. Sandovals Early Beginnings The Boston College Irish Studies program will mark the 50th anniversary of "Bloody Sunday"a tragic milestone in the decades-long Northern Irish conflict, "The Troubles"with a symposium on February 18 and 19 that will examine the events of the fatal day and its legacy. The jurors in Sandovals trial werent convinced that Sandoval worked for or with the gang in any way (McKay, 1991). Valverde who renounced his former prison gang stated, I had to do a hit on another inmate. Belgium The Albanian mafia has deep roots in Belgium, which was recently a topic of a special programme on Belgian RTBF Channel One. In Albania alone there are over 15 mafia families or clans that control organized crime. Stamps are also a form of currency within prisons. All Rights Reserved. The Texas Syndicate, including its leadership, membership and associates, constitute an "enterprise" as defined by Title 18, United States Code, Section 1961(4), that is, a group of individuals associated in . Their criticism may have largely rested on the divisiveness of race. Southern Albanian groups also have good relationships with Sicilys Cosa Nostra "The Albanian criminals were special from the beginning," said Francesca Marcelli, an organized-crime investigator for the Italian government. An official inquiry in 2010 found that none of those killed by the British . Bloody Sunday commemorates when, in 1965, 600 people began a march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, demanding an end to discrimination in voter registration. However, they still maintain their headquarters in California, where their national president resides, and their numbers continue to reach into state and federal prisons across the US. *Alfredo Aguilar is a doctoral candidate in the department of history at Texas Tech University, References Sandoval had lit the cigarette for newly befriended Armando Garcia (name changed) and another inmate named Vicente. The process had begun for Sandoval. Enver Sekiraqa : Leading person of organized crime in Kosovo, aka the boss of the bosses, who is on the Interpols wanted list for several crimes. Sandoval grew up in Alice, TX, a city with a population of approximately 20,000. In South Texas, Sandoval primarily interacted with Mexican American friends from the barrios and the housing projects of Kingsville, TX. A former car dealership displays a graffiti representation of Bloody Sunday on its boarded facade. On Jan. 30, 1972, in the Northern Ireland town of Derry, a peaceful march involving 15,000 civil-rights marchers turned violent when British troops fired on the protesters. International activity Scandinavia "The ethnic Albanian mafia is very powerful and extremely violent," said Kim Kliver, chief investigator for organized crime with the Danish National Police.

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