c.)group polarization. In terms of Freud's theory of personality, Mary's memories are stored at the _____ level of awareness. b.)acceptance. Sharon was admitted to the hospital with severe depression. d.)3:1. 30 Questions Show answers. She is constantly worried about her home life even when she is at work. d.)electrical activity. )light exposure therapy. brain lesion. c.)normative social influence. c.)being 15 to 20 percent below her ideal body weight forties. "Evolutionary psychology and its causal mechanisms," he said, "are more fundamental than other branches of psychology and their causal explanations, which mostly deal with whole human beings." To reject evolutionary psychology is to reject broader reality; an outright rejection of biological and evolved realities is occurring. b. She might be treated with: a. Since the beginnings of philosophical thought, the question of the nature and origin of pain has developed. b.)self-actualization. Several studies have mate value in evolutionary approaches suggest that sex partners. )narcissistic c.)cooperation and social success at school. )the self-reference phenomenon. He cannot concentrate at work and has been calling in sick at least once each week. )automatic mimicry. Mar. b. 1. left-handers generally demonstrate less artistic competence than right-handers. b. )foot-in-the-door phenomenon. a. Third, most versions of Marxist theory gave greater emphasis to human agency or ability consciously to shape the direction of social change than was typical of evolutionary theory. c.)psychoanalysis Received semiannual interest payment on the Distribution Transformers bonds. e. d.)the therapeutic alliance. )a dissociation. c.)harmony. )exposure therapy. Mark is likely to be diagnosed with a type of ______ disorder. )Freud's psychoanalysis. d. heritability. This type of attention problem is thought to contribute to: a. )if adopted children's adoptive parents have schizophrenia, they will, too. This best illustrates, Mutations are gene replication errors that lead to a change in the sequence of, Evolutionary psychology would be most helpful for understanding the ________ human aggression. a. )external attributions for failure. e. a. a. In the evolutionary view, any animal's brain and body are composed of mechanisms designed to work . a. b. Taro and Kiichi are fraternal twins being raised by the same parents; Helene and Victoire are identical twins being raised by the same parents. This is the view of psychology and human behavior that emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, different life experiences when young and old and relationships to explain the way . This best illustrates that anxiety disorders may result from: )educational goals. )5 in 10 medulla AmericanInstrumentsbondsM&DCorporationbonds(Hint:Interestmustbeaccrued.)$850,000$1,460,000. a. )anorexia nervosa. The remarkable academic and vocational successes of children of the refugee Asian boat people best illustrate the importance of: People are most likely to notice the impact of environmental influences on behavior when confronted by: The ideas and traditions of a culture are typically perpetuated by means of: The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of: Even though there are many unoccupied chairs in the library study area, Wang chooses to sit in a chair right next to Annest. c.)seek healthy-looking mates. Q. Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex? d.)persistent depressive disorder. d.)molecular geneticist. )Freud; Billie Joe Armstrong a. )patient unconsciously responding to the therapist as though the therapist were a significant person in the patient's life. This is known as the: )nicotine can temporarily increase serotonin, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. c.)dissociative disorder. c.)self-actualization. )preconscious c.)GABA. c.)reaction formation. While Thomas disagrees with his boss, he laughs at the joke anyway to gain her approval. Alternately, only one partner at any one time (serial monogamy) as compared to the various forms of non-monogamy (e.g., polygamy or polyamory).The term is also applied to the social behavior of some animals, referring to the state of . What do psychologists who study evolution search for? Test Prep. )generalized anxiety disorder. )People in the psychotherapy group actually improve at a slower rate than the people in the untreated group. b. )electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). observable responses to the environment. )Psychosurgery Letting another person know that we sense and understand the feelings he or she is expressing to us best demonstrates: d.)persistent depressive disorder. c.)role playing. Last week Tate went into the hospital for a painful medical procedure. d.)stress inoculation training. Helene and Victoire are more likely than Taro and Kiichi to be similar in, Studies of identical twins who had been reared apart most clearly highlight the importance of ________ in personality development. b.)altruism. This most strongly suggests that dissociative identity disorder may involve: )do not increase; increase )mental retardation Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human a. naturalistic observation. d.)ADHD, b. )illustrate neural plasticity. c.)moral instinct b. a. a. a. c.)interpreting the meaning of clients' nonverbal behaviors. b. The chances for recovery from schizophrenia are considered to be greatest when the disorder develops: a. humanistic psychologists a historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential. a. b. personal happiness. but when his son has a fistfight he says, "Did you win?!" )more people are biologically predisposed to fear guns than to fear snakes. )both a common language for labeling psychological disorders and comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing them. The third approach arises out of the job stress literature. b. d.)extraversion. d.)validity; standardization. Males' superiority on most spatial tasks has been attributed to the adaptive demands of hunting. d.)electrocardiogram (EKG). Thus, her behavior is the result of: Annest is most likely to feel uncomfortable because Wang has violated her. a. See Page 1. Although EP has yielded many theoretical advances and empirical discoveries, it has provoked resistance from some scholars in the social sciences ( Confer et al., 2010; Laland and Brown, 2011 ). )not use a placebo. d. a. d.)fundamental attribution error. b. b. c.)phallic As you are driving to campus one day another car cuts you off and speeds ahead. c.)social exchange theory )The Rorschach a. b. c.)agoraphobia. )transference b. This best illustrates the activity of multiple. b. In psychoanalysis, transference refers to the: A researcher who assesses the heritability of intelligence is most likely a(n): Compared to identical twins, fraternal twins are ________ likely to be the same sex and ________ likely to be similar in extraversion. d.)Those not undergoing therapy often improve, but those undergoing therapy are more likely to improve, and to improve more quickly and with less risk of relapse. d.)45. a.)schizophrenia. a. our awareness of ourselves and our environment. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human. c.)An empirically derived c.)being unable to remember one's own name or other important details about one's own life )25 a. (True Answer )Correct interaction. d.)chemical abnormalities within the brain. d.)social facilitation. Psychologists can measure sensation more accurately. )borderline personality disorder. d.)being unaware of the fact that she has an eating disorder, _____ can be described as the use of psychological techniques to increase understanding and treat emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems. a. Evolutionary theorists assert that gender differences in spatial abilities reflect the division of labour in ancestral hunting and gathering societies in which males typically handled the hunting and females the gathering. Critics of evolutionary psychology are particularly likely to emphasize that gender differences in mate preferences can also be byproducts of: To determine if the drug is effective, he should: a. )obsessive-compulsive disorder. )sex hormones. )enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted. )hindsight bias )natural selection. Stephen Ilardi and his colleagues have developed training seminars promoting therapeutic lifestyle change. d.)client's expectation that psychotherapy will make things better. a. a. b. Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar: We are likely to ________ the personality similarities among children in the same family and we are likely to ________ the personality similarities between parents and their children, At the age of 3 months, Kevin is removed from the home of his abusive biological parents and placed with adoptive parents who provide a happy, stable environment. D) genome research. b. c.)avoidant thirties. d.)the placebo effect. 1997], evolutionary psychologists [Buss, 1995; Tooby and Cosmides, 1992] have emphasized that humans (and other animals) evolved specific cognitive abilities to deal with recurring problems faced by our ancestors (e.g., obtaining food, acquiring a mate). a. degeneration of neural connections in visual reception areas of the brain. c.)a dispositional attribution. Males in their ________ are most likely to be sexually attracted to women who are several years older rather than several years younger than themselves. Evolutionary psychologists are most directly concerned with the impact of ________ on behavior. )a smaller number of synapses. c.)behavioral consistency. c.)is analogous to Freud's concept of the preconscious. c.)Psychotherapy d.)evolutionary psychology. amygdala b.)resistance. )maladaptive )the placebo effect. )have normal frontal lobe cognitive functions. Groupthink is fueled by a desire for: b. )cognitive dissonance theory. c.)Wolpe's exposure therapy. )learned helplessness. a. a. )genetic diversity. c. As such, evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that certain behaviors and traits are more likely to be present in individuals because they have been selected for over time due to their adaptive value in the environment in which they evolved. d.)clients never speak kindly about their therapists. )Tonya, who has the positive symptoms of schizophrenia )A young woman marries her high school sweetheart. )systematic desensitization. Parents should not take too much blame for the failures and shortcomings of their children because: d. parental behavior is only one of many factors that influence children's behavior, Those who inappropriately attribute children's troubling personality traits to inadequate parental nurture should be reminded of the importance of, Identical twins who have separate placentas are somewhat less similar than identical twins who share a placenta. most left-handers process language primarily in their right hemisphere. a. b. d.)attribution theory, b. )maternal instinct c.)Asperger syndrome a. )lobotomy c. First is evolutionary theory, which claims that behavioral tendencies, physical characteristics, and personality features that promote our chances to survive and reproduce become, by that virtue,. The principles of evolutionary psychology would suggest that parents experience the strongest grief over the deaths of their: Compared with men, women are ________ likely to read pornographic material and ________ likely to refuse direct requests for casual sex. )are at decreased risk for antisocial behavior. b. c. Cultural Consideration c.)linkage analysis. He gives her appropriate validation and encourages her to reflect on her feelings. d.)dysfunctional, d.)All these things classify Naima's behavior as a psychological disorder. You want to know whether having a nationally ranked football program means more or less money for academic programs at your university. d.)passionate love. Evolutionary psychology Charles Darwin was the first scientist to point out that our common responses to certain emotionally charged situations, like our hair standing on end when we are frightened, are responses that probably evolved hundreds of millions of years ago in our early animal ancestors. d.)attitudes toward responsibility. Question 1. c.)meta-analysis. d.)moral integrity. d) behavior geneticist. a.)altruism. Social structural theory maintains that sex differences result from changes in society and social roles occupied by men and women. a.)individualism. b. Pain is a ubiquitous phenomenon. b. hormones. A reduced level of synchronized neural activity in the frontal lobes has been associated with symptoms of: d.)repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, c.)Amy effectively cope with a seasonal pattern for major depressive disorder. a. d. a.)cognitive. c.)use the double-blind technique. c.)are genetically predisposed. Compared to 1960, today's culture has all of the following EXCEPT for a: b) the X chromosome. To help Monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. c.)depression. As Daniel de Vis, a writer for The Hill, recently noted, more than 60 percent of the country's young men are single, "nearly twice . X-ray. b. c.)have increased autonomic nervous system arousal when awaiting aversive events. a. d.)major depressive disorder. b. a. b. b. d.)underestimating the potential influence of biological factors on personality development. But most days, he sits in a chair with no expression on his face. a. Under hypnosis, they typically expressed a second personality when prompted to do so by the examining psychiatrist. b. Extremely stressful experiences can change overall optimistic explanatory styles into more pessimistic styles. What is the future value of $800 one year from today if the interest rate is 7 percent? c.)organic b. a. )attitude The word 'evolution' may bring to mind dusty dinosaur bones, but it impacts our . neurogenesis. In a group discussion, women are ________ likely than men to express support for others' opinions. )"Objectivity does not guarantee validity." b.)neurogenesis. d.)A paper-and-pencil. d.)discouraging clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. b. A sense of being separated from one's own body and watching oneself with a sense of detachment is a symptom of: b. b. )standardization; validity )helping clients identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences. )mirror-image perceptions. The current meta-analysis examined 41 studies drawn primarily from North America and Europe and published between 1978 to 2020. )we have overestimated the impact of personal dispositions on behavior. a. Oct. 2. c.)the bystander effect. )She can have a second confederate in the room; the confederate should be a role model for defiant behavior. brain waves that indicate we are not reacting to a stimulus. )None of these would be an explanation for why your friend yelled at you. c.)progressive relaxation. overestimating cultural differences in human sexual behaviors. Frank was seen laughing inappropriately in the library and he appeared to be responding to internal stimuli. )overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. Dr. Miller is most likely a (n): a) evolutionary psychologist. b. Which theory best explains why Abe adopted this new attitude? To match revenues and expenses properly, should the expense for employee vacation pay be recorded in the period during which the vacation privilege was earned or during the period in which the vacation is taken? a. Margaret Washburn Who would be most likely to emphasize the role of the unconscious in affecting behavior? )fundamental attribution error. b. c. d.)social-cognitive perspective. a. This is caused by: Evolutionary psychologist studies human behaviour using informed biological approaches and modern evolutionary perspective. George's experience is most directly explained by: By insisting that humans are "nothing but" products of nature and nurture, we run the greatest risk of undermining: Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. b. b. c. C) develop their own theories. a. Adoptive parents are most likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children. b. It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because: Naima washes her hands about 50 times a day because she is afraid of the germs that seem to be everywhere. c.)empirically derived b. a. Instead of going to work with a frown on your face, you will force yourself to smile when you walk in. Which region of the brain will a fMRI show as active when a person is looking at a photo? )slowly over a period of years. )illustrate neural plasticity. d.)erotic plasticity. See Page 1. active or inactive. d.)the attitudes-follow-behavior principle, Following the introduction of school desegregation in the United States and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, White Americans expressed ___________ racial prejudice. This is most likely due to: A person attacked by a fierce dog develops a fear of all dogs. d.)the mere exposure effect. His best strategy would be to ask the students to: A) conduct their own experiments. 1981).Although this assumption is borrowed from approaches to psychological stress where psychological demands and control . b. Babies are born with personalities that are relatively stable throughout their lives. personality. d.)generalized anxiety disorder. b. The ___________ model assumes that mental disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed and treated. a. O. d. None of the above are correct to the nearest cent. Consider the following joint probability table. thoughts, feelings, and perceptions. d.)Ninety percent of the time the mother stays home with the children when they are sick. a. Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from a seasonal pattern of depression symptoms? b. The Comptroller General disclaimed an opinion on two agencies, and one only had its balance sheet audited. c.)cyclothymic disorder. cerebellum. Identifying the specific genes that contribute to alcoholism would be of most direct interest to: The impact of genes on observable traits can vary in different environments. b. He wants to deepen her self-understanding. What scientist contributed to evolutionary theory? )psychodynamic therapy. a. )factor analytic The moment she walks into your house you start smiling, even before she says something funny. )the mere exposure effect. Incorrect natural selection. f. Given that AAA has occurred, what is the probability that B4B_4B4 occurs? )panic attacks. Q. According to evolutionary psychologists, our predisposition to overconsume fatty junk foods illustrates that we are biologically prepared to behave in ways that promoted the ________ of our ancestors. Sets of expected behaviors for males and for females are called: Six-year-old Jennifer believes that men become doctors and women become nurses. b. a. d.)autism, b. It only arises after basic psychological and physiological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved. For example, twin and adoption studies indicate that biological relatives of those with antisocial personality disorder: This behavior is best understood in terms of: Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment with: Reinforcements, like praise from caregivers, are the most powerful motivator for most children. He also wants a new cap, shirt, and sweater to match his father's. He felt very uncomfortable about having done this until he convinced himself that copying answers is not wrong if classmates are careless enough to expose their test sheets. B1B2B3B4A0.090.220.150.20AC0.030.100.090.12\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|} )Biomedical therapy Child age . He has a very difficult time reading the facial expressions of others and reading the state of mind of those who talk to him. )frontal lobes a.)schizophrenia. d.)cell nucleus. c.)Employed men spend about an hour and a half more per day working than do employed women. Question 3. c.)situational attribution Yen increase the likelihood of the participants' obedience? c.)the need to belong. d.)increase; increase, c.)being unable to remember one's own name or other important details about one's own life, Which of the following is an example of a dissociative experience that is pathological or abnormal? Her friends are worried because she no longer shows interest in her normal social activities. PET scan. a. The concept of personality most clearly embodies the notion of: c.)free-floating anxiety. )rapidly in response to a stressful life situation. left-handers live longer than right-handers. The psycho dynamic approach got it's start from the work of Sigmund Freud. c.)the superego The company buys debt securities, intending to profit from short-term differences in price and maintaining them in an active trading portfolio. b. b. Which Viewpoint would John Watson Most Likely Agree with? b. c.)foot-in-the-door phenomenon. d. a. d.)traits. b. a. a. On the bus home, he was crying uncontrollably and suddenly became angered when a fellow passenger offered him a tissue. What is this process called? c. )have only treatment groups, no control groups. )2 weeks c.)Jose, who has a catatonia )The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Although her work performance is adequate, Gina almost always feels slightly down and sad. a. Evolutionary psychology focuses on how universal patterns of behavior and cognitive processes have evolved over time.